sectors mel

A private ownership company is owned by an individual or a group of people. Facebook is a company's that is privately owned. This means the company's decisions are not affected by share holders demand for money and profit and they can operate more independently and appoint there own CEOs.

Public shares company or PLC is where people could put their own shares into. If a company is not making a profit the share prices go down and the company is worthless, people could lose their money like this but if the company makes profits people will make money. For example EMI is a public media company, below are other examples of public companies
https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
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Public service media is something like BBC, it financed by TV license fee. They provide us by more entertainment; they also provide us with a universal service as England has a lot of foreigners. This makes the company completely impartial as the only people they serve are the license fee payers which is the entire population this makes them more reliable as source for what is going on in the world and can be used by the government to give out emergency announcements but can also report damming information about the government.
https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
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Multinationals companies such as skysports is broadcasted around the world, skysports is broadcasted in Italy (Italian language) and America. It is owned by BSkyB, recently Sky has pulled out sky sports news from freeview so now only people who subscribe to sky could watch it, and this will make more money for sky. Although it means sky makes more money and therefore pays more taxes it means that the average consumer is paying more for the service. 
https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
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Independent companies such as Bill and Ben productions are companies that labour without the help of larger companies. They are normally owned by an individual or a small group of people, in this case Bill and Ben productions is owned by two people, Bill Jones and Ben Timlett. An an advantage of independent ownership is that you can do what you want and don’t have to worry about pleasing share holders or share holders imposing there views on your production this is a double edged sword though because it means only the views of the one owner of production company are broadcast which could leas to some biast.https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
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Conglomerates companies is a company that own many different media businesses. For example Bertelsmann owns the UK’s Channel 5 and TV and Radio stations across Europe. It owns 22 television stations and 18 radio stations in 10 countries; it’s also the world’s biggest publisher. Organisations like this can be bad because they could have a board with strong views that they want to convey to the public and they have the platform to influence the masses
https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
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Vertical Integration is when two companies work in partnership together to produce a product. DNA Films is an example of a Vertical Integration because it has the means of production, DNA produces and Fox Searchlights distributes them and does their marketing.

https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
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Diversification is when a company branches out into new ventures so they can offer more  more services and bring in a greater deal of revenue.The guardian is an example of a diversified media group it started out as a media group. It started out as an newspaper and has since branched out into a website and radio station.
https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
multiple wikipedia pages on companies

Cross-media regulation is the control of how much power the media company's can have over the press and media so that no company can have complete or majority control of the media sector.In the UK the cap is 20% this is seen as good because it means no company can impose it views upon the nation and broadcasting regulations and effect what they think.
https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
multiple wikipedia pages on companies

The voluntary media sector is not for profit media companies operate. They are often non-government and generally very small in the media world as they do not have large advertising budgets. An example of a voluntary media company would be Glastonbury FM. Glastonbury FM was set up in Somerset as a non-profit radio station. It was tested originally as a yearly radio station but it eventually turned into a full time radio station after they gained a committed enough listenership. Glastonbury FM is run by local people and sells advertising space local companies. It is broadcasted around Somerset. Any money made in a non-profit organization will either go to a charity or be used to cover the costs of the operation. References:
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voluntary_sector

Sources of income

•Selling shares publicly

•Selling a product or service

•Getting investment

•Getting government grants/investments

•donations

Product diversity is when businesses vary their products from those that are all ready on the market. This is to give them a new USP (unique selling point) that makes them and their product range different and hopefully better. The benefits of this is that the customers have to go specifically to that company in order to buy their product so this means they will be generating a larger income of money because no other company will be creating the same product this is more useful for small businesses as it means they can create one special product on a small budget rather than spend money creating a product made by another bigger company and have to compete with them for advertising space. There are however some disadvantages to this there is a risk that there old customers will not want to use there new product, but this risk is small if they invest in the right research and development. References: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/product-diversification-strategy-40375.html

The profitability of a product range is how much money a company can expect to make from the product it sells. This profit can be increased by finding cheaper ways to produce but they must walk the line between good value and low quality.During periods of financial concern such as recessions and depressions, buinesses profits will fall because less people will have to money to use there service. This means in order to survive they must take vital actions whether this be laying off staff or making prices more affordable.These are the objectives a company has in regards to where it will be in the future they are usually set by leading members of the organization. These objectives will relate to sales growth, profit and the general value of the business.

FRANCHISES This is where companies can set up different businesses and go into different media (tv, radio ect) under one well known name and pay an up front or contractual fee. The advantage of this is that you can start straight away with a good brand and don’t have to capture a new audience. Disadvantages are you have to pay more to join the media franchise. Mergers- a combination of two previously separate businesses into a new business thiscan be good because it combines the know how of two separate businesses.Takeovers-where one business aquires control of another.

COMPETITORS This is when rival companies for example BBC and ITV who create a similar products are rivals and compete for the market share this competition is good for the consumer because it means both companies strive to produce better programs to gain the majority of the audience. Another example of this competition is sony and microsoft competing to gain the console market share. Customers are the people that pay to use the product or service that a business sells. Businesses are always trying to attract the highest number of customers as possible in order to get the most money this can be achieved by diversifying.

Performance against financial concerns Financial concerns in the media industry. During reccessions there is less money floating around to create programming with so the creative side of the industry suffers where as the news and other fact based programming survives and thrives because people are checking the news all the time to see what is going on in the recession References: https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/

An organisational objective is when a company has a set objective that has been set by the companies CEO or there board members. These objectives will often determine whether or not a business will succeed or fail. They will be the companies philosophy’s and ideas about how they will produce there product. An example of an organisational objective in the gaming industry is sony playstation4. When sony released the PS4 main objective is that their software and hardware was built for the “players” this objective is the reason why they are a highly respected company within the gaming industry a.nd why they ended up selling more units that the more multimedia xbox one.

Customers are the main focus in any business that is selling a product or any form of service. The reason for this is because without customers they would have no revenue to operate with. Advantages -In the media industry customers/viewers are the main drive and measure how successful a tv show or film is. If you have loyal customers that stick with your business or show then you will always have constant income from them and a constant audience for advertisers to buy off you. For example HBO has a huge customer base that has become loyal to the network thanks to the quality of television they produce. They have established this through creative programming that appeals to their target market. Disadvantages- you can lose customers as quick as you gain them, as they are always looking for the next best thing.

National and global competition is when companies compete on a larger scale in order for more people to buy there service. National and global competition happens in almost every aspect of the media as the media is such a massive industry it has companies that spread across the world. One main focus of competition in media is in news. Each news company will compete on a global scale in order to be the first to break the latest story to the public and therefore capture the audience first and make the most money from the advertisers. An example of where this would happen is during the acts of 9/11. Each TV news station switched to an emergency broadcast so that they could cover the event first and capture a large audience. Trend is when something starts to develop and take direction. It is most noticeable in the fashion industry because people wear seasonal clothing it means no product can last and be appropriate for more than a few months and this means company’s are always trying to design new items to sell in each season which in turn creates fashion trends and fads.


https://prezi.com/zhetcguu5ujl/undersanding-the-structure-and-ownership-of-the-media-sector/
multiple wikipedia pages on companies
http://eedonh.blogspot.co.uk/p/lo1-understand-structure-and-ownership.html